Support #929
Updated by Daniel Curtis over 6 years ago
This is a guide on virtualizing an ARM based operating system, in this case Raspbian for the Raspberry Pi 3, on an x86_64 Arch Linux system. h2. Prepare the environment * Make sure the system is up to date: <pre> pacman -Syu </pre> * Install a few dependencies: <pre> pacman -S git base-devel </pre> h3. Install ARM toolchain: * Clone the toolchain repo (using @--depth 1@ will decrease the overall download size by 400MB): <pre> mkdir ~/git && cd ~/git git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/raspberrypi/tools.git </pre> * Add the tools to your path: <pre> echo 'export PATH=$PATH:~/git/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian/bin' >> ~/.bash_profile </pre> * Source the @.bash_profile@: <pre> source ~/.bash_profile </pre> h2. Install Qemu * Install qemu and the extra architectures: <pre> pacman -S git qemu qemu-arch-extra wget </pre> h3. Compile Latest Kernel * Download the qemu-rpi-kernel repo: <pre> cd ~/git git clone https://github.com/dhruvvyas90/qemu-rpi-kernel.git </pre> h3. Prepare Raspbian * Clone Change into the specific kernel version to use: qemu-rpi-kernel/tools directory: <pre> cd qemu-rpi-kernel/tools ~/git/qemu-rpi-kernel/tools git clone -b raspberrypi-kernel_1.20180313-1 --depth 1 https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux.git </pre> * Modify the kernel compile script to use Arch commands: <pre> sed -i.bak -e's/sudo\ apt-get\ update/sudo\ pacman\ -Syu/g' -e's/sudo\ apt-get\ install\ git\ libncurses5-dev\ gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf/sudo\ pacman\ -S\ git/g' build-kernel-qemu </pre> * Edit the build-kernel-qemu script: <pre> vi build-kernel-qemu </pre> #* And comment out all @COMMIT@ COMMIT versions except for the desired commit, and turn USE_GIT off also comment out remove the @exit@ exit command before the @make@ commands: makes: <pre> #COMMIT=6820d0cbec64cfee481b961833feffec8880111e #COMMIT=raspberrypi-kernel_1.20171029-1 #COMMIT="" COMMIT=raspberrypi-kernel_1.20180313-1 #USE_GIT=1 #exit </pre> * Run the build script: <pre> ./build-kernel-qemu </pre> h2. Prepare Raspbian * Download the latest raspbian image (1.7G): <pre> mkdir ~/raspbian && cd ~/raspbian wget http://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspbian/images/raspbian-2018-03-14/2018-03-13-raspbian-stretch.zip unzip 2018-03-13-raspbian-stretch.zip </pre> * Show the partition layout of <pre> fdisk -l 2018-03-13-raspbian-stretch.img </pre> #* _Example output_: <pre> Disk 2018-03-13-raspbian-stretch.img: 4.6 GiB, 4949278720 bytes, 9666560 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x15ca46a5 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type 2018-03-13-raspbian-stretch.img1 8192 93802 85611 41.8M c W95 FAT32 ( 2018-03-13-raspbian-stretch.img2 98304 9666559 9568256 4.6G 83 Linux </pre> * Find the sector where the filesystem, 2018-03-13-raspbian-stretch.img2, starts at (sector 98304). Multiply the sector start value by 512, in this case 98304 * 512 = 50331648 bytes. * Mount the rasbian image at offset 50331648: <pre> mkdir -p /media/raspbian mount -v -o offset=50331648 -t ext4 ~/raspbian/2018-03-13-raspbian-stretch.img /media/raspbian </pre> * Edit the ld.so.preload file and comment out all visible lines <pre> nano /media/raspbian/etc/ld.so.preload </pre> h3. Run Qemu * Run the newly built kernel with the latest raspbian: <pre> qemu-system-arm -kernel ~/git/qemu-rpi-kernel/qemu-kernel-4.9.80 -cpu arm1176 -m 256 -M versatilepb -dtb /git/qemu-rpi-kernel/versatile-pb.dtb -serial stdio -append "root=/dev/sda2 rootfstype=ext4 rw" -hda ~/raspbian/2018-03-13-raspbian-stretch.img -redir tcp:5022::22 -no-reboot </pre> * Log in as the user *pi* with the password *raspberry* * Configure the pi to your use case: <pre> sudo raspi-config </pre> h2. Resources * https://azeria-labs.com/emulate-raspberry-pi-with-qemu/ * http://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspbian/images/raspbian-2018-03-14/ * https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/releases * https://github.com/dhruvvyas90/qemu-rpi-kernel