Support #929: Emulate Raspberry Pi OS on x86_64 Arch Linux - Raspberry Pi - ALT Project Management

Support #929

Emulate Raspberry Pi OS on x86_64 Arch Linux

Added by Daniel Curtis over 6 years ago. Updated almost 3 years ago.

Status:

Closed

Priority:

Normal

Assignee:

Daniel Curtis

Category:

Development

Target version:

Arch Linux

Start date:

04/08/2018

Due date:

% Done:

100%

Estimated time:

2.50 h

Spent time:

3.00 h

Description

This is a guide on virtualizing an ARM based operating system, in this case Raspbian for the Raspberry Pi 3, on an x86_64 Arch Linux system.

Prepare the environment¶

Make sure the system is up to date:
```
sudo pacman -Syu
```

Install a few dependencies:
```
sudo pacman -S git base-devel wget
```

Prepare Disk Image¶

Create the guest drive:

dd if=/dev/zero of=~/raspi.img bs=1M count=16384

Format the guest drive:

fdisk ~/raspi.img

Basic format:

n
p
1
<enter>
+200M
n
p
<enter>
<enter>
<enter>
w

Download the latest raspberry pi OS image:

mkdir ~/raspios && cd ~/raspios
wget https://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspios_lite_armhf/images/raspios_lite_armhf-2022-01-28/2022-01-28-raspios-bullseye-armhf-lite.zip
unzip 2022-01-28-raspios-bullseye-armhf-lite.zip

Populate the guest drive:

mkdir ~/src_boot && mkdir ~/src_root && mkdir ~/dst_boot && mkdir dst_root
sudo losetup -f --show ~/raspi.img
sudo partx -a /dev/loop0
sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/loop0p1
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/loop0p2
sudo mount /dev/loop0p1 ~/dst_boot
sudo mount /dev/loop0p2 ~/dst_root
sudo losetup -f -o 4194304 --show ~/raspbian/2022-01-28-raspios-bullseye-armhf-lite.img
sudo mount /dev/loop1 ~/src_boot
sudo losetup -f -o 272629760 --show ~/raspios/2022-01-28-raspios-bullseye-armhf-lite.img
sudo mount /dev/loop2 ~/src_root
sudo cp -r ~/src_boot/*.* ~/dst_boot/
sudo cp -r ~/src_root/* ~/dst_root/

Edit the guest drive fstab:

sudo nano ~/root/etc/fstab

And change the following:

/dev/sda1  /boot           vfat    defaults          0       2
/dev/sda2  /               ext4    defaults,noatime  0       1

Unmount the guest drive:

sudo umount ~/src_boot
sudo umount ~/src_root
sudo umount ~/dst_boot
sudo umount ~/dst_root
sudo losetup -d /dev/loop2
sudo losetup -d /dev/loop1
sudo losetup -d /dev/loop1

Install Qemu¶

Install qemu and the extra architectures:

pacman -S git qemu qemu-arch-extra wget

Download prebuilt kernels:

mkdir ~/git && cd ~/git
git clone https://github.com/dhruvvyas90/qemu-rpi-kernel.git

Run Qemu¶

Run the newly built kernel with the latest raspbian:

qemu-system-aarch64 -kernel ~/git/qemu-rpi-kernel/kernel-qemu-5.10.63-bullseye -cpu arm1176 -M raspi3b -m 1024 -dtb ~/git/qemu-rpi-kernel/native-emulation/dtbs/bcm2711-rpi-4-b.dtb -serial stdio -append "root=/dev/sda2 rootfstype=ext4 rw" -drive format=raw,file=/media/winshare/raspi.img -net nic,macaddr=20:20:20:67:89:0a -net user,hostfwd=tcp::5022-:22 -no-reboot

Configure the pi to your use case:
```
sudo raspi-config
```
- Go to Interfacing and enable SSH.
- Change Localization.

Compiling Latest kernel¶

Install ARM toolchain:¶

Clone the toolchain repo (using --depth 1 will decrease the overall download size by 400MB):
```
mkdir ~/git && cd ~/git
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/raspberrypi/tools.git
```

Add the tools to your path:

echo 'export PATH=$PATH:~/git/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian/bin' >> ~/.bash_profile

Source the .bash_profile:
```
source ~/.bash_profile
```

Compile Kernel¶

Download the qemu-rpi-kernel repo:

cd ~/git
git clone https://github.com/dhruvvyas90/qemu-rpi-kernel.git

Clone the specific kernel version to use:

cd qemu-rpi-kernel/tools
git clone -b rpi-5.10.y --depth 1 https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux.git

Modify the kernel compile script to use Arch commands:

sed -i.bak -e's/sudo\ apt-get\ update/sudo\ pacman\ -Syu/g' -e's/sudo\ apt-get\ install\ git\ libncurses5-dev\ gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf/sudo\ pacman\ -S\ git/g' build-kernel-qemu

Edit the build-kernel-qemu script:
```
vi build-kernel-qemu
```
- And comment out all COMMIT versions except for the desired commit, and also comment out the exit command before the make commands:
```
#COMMIT=6820d0cbec64cfee481b961833feffec8880111e
#COMMIT=raspberrypi-kernel_1.20171029-1
#COMMIT="" 
COMMIT=rpi-5.10.y

#exit
```