Feature #827
Updated by Daniel Curtis over 8 years ago
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Once in a while I will need to do a two-way synchronization of the contents of an owncloud sync folder to a specific USB drive, and having this task done automagically by systemd.
*NOTE*: The USB drive used in this guide is FAT32. If using NTFS, you must install the ntfs-3g-fuse package from the AUR.
* Make sure rsync is installed:
<pre>
sudo pacman -S rsync
</pre>
h2. Device Identification
* Get the list of drives:
<pre>
sudo fdisk -l
</pre>
* Start by getting the device label:
<pre>
sudo blkid /dev/sdb1
</pre>
* Create a label for the USB drive:
<pre>
sudo dosfslabel /dev/disk/by-uuid/ACE7-1996 "SYNCSHARE"
</pre>
* Make a temporary mount directory:
<pre>
sudo mkdir /media/SYNCSHARE
</pre>
* Edit the fstab file:
<pre>
sudo nano /etc/fstab
</pre>
#* Add an fstab entry for the SYNCSHARE device:
<pre>
UUID=ACE7-1996 /media/SYNCSHARE vfat users,noauto 0 0
</pre>
h2. Sync Script
* Create a simple two-way rsync script:
<pre>
sudo nano /usr/local/bin/syncshare.sh
</pre>
#* And add the following
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
# Script to do a two-way sync with a USB drive
if [ $(mount | grep -c /media/SYNCSHARE) != 1 ]
then
/sbin/mount /dev/disk/by-uuid/ACE7-1996 || exit 1
echo "/media/SYNCSHARE is now mounted"
rsync -rtuv --modify-window=1 --size-only --exclude ".csync*" --exclude ".owncloud*" /media/SYNCSHARE/owncloudshare/ /home/bob/owncloudshare/
rsync -rtuv --modify-window=1 --size-only --exclude ".csync*" --exclude ".owncloud*" --delete-delay /home/bob/owncloudshare/ /media/SYNCSHARE/owncloudshare/
sync
sudo -u bob DISPLAY=:0 DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus notify-send "SYNCSHARE Finished Synchronizing!"
sleep 5
umount /media/SYNCSHARE
else
rsync -rtuv --modify-window=1 --size-only --exclude ".csync*" --exclude ".owncloud*" /media/SYNCSHARE/owncloudshare/ /home/bob/owncloudshare/
rsync -rtuv --modify-window=1 --size-only --exclude ".csync*" --exclude ".owncloud*" --delete-delay /home/bob/owncloudshare/ /media/SYNCSHARE/owncloudshare/
sync
sudo -u bob DISPLAY=:0 DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus notify-send "SYNCSHARE Finished Synchronizing!"
sleep 5
umount /media/SYNCSHARE
fi
</pre>
*NOTE*: Adding the @-n@ flag to the rsync commands will help when testing whether or not the script will run correctly.
*NOTE*: Make sure to change the username and uid number to the correct values for the notify-send commands.
*NOTE*: FAT filesystems require the @--modify-window=1 --size-only@ flags in order to synchronize correctly.
* Then make it executable:
<pre>
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/syncshare.sh
</pre>
h2. Systemd Service
* Create a systemd unit file:
<pre>
sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/syncshare.service
</pre>
#* And add the following:
<pre>
[Unit]
Description=SyncShare trigger
Requires=dev-disk-by\x2dlabel-SYNCSHARE.device
After=dev-disk-by\x2dlabel-SYNCSHARE.device
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/syncshare.sh
[Install]
WantedBy=dev-disk-by\x2dlabel-SYNCSHARE.device
</pre>
* And reload the systemd daemon:
<pre>
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
</pre>
* Enable the syncshare service:
<pre>
sudo systemctl enable syncshare
</pre>
h2. Udev Rule
* List the attached USB devices and get the vendor and product IDs:
<pre>
lsusb
</pre>
#* _Example output_:
<pre>
Bus 003 Device 004: ID 0781:3528 SanDisk Corp. Cruzer
</pre>
NOTE: The above example uses *0781* Vendor ID and *3528* Product ID.
* Add a udev rule to start the syncshare systemd service on device hotplug:
<pre>
sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/99-local.rules
</pre>
#* And add the following:
<pre>
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0781", ATTRS{idProduct}=="3528", ACTION=="add", TAGS+="systemd", ENV{SYSTEMD_WANTS}=="syncshare.service"
</pre>
* Restart udev:
<pre>
sudo systemctl restart systemd-udevd
</pre>
h2. Resources
* http://serverfault.com/questions/766506/automount-usb-drives-with-systemd
* https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=207050
* https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=192461
* https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Persistent_block_device_naming#by-label
* https://askubuntu.com/questions/25071/how-to-run-a-script-when-a-specific-flash-drive-is-mounted/190366
* http://jasonwryan.com/blog/2014/01/20/udev/
* https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/NTFS-3G#Manual_mounting