Support #666
Updated by Daniel Curtis over 8 years ago
These are a few tips for hardening nginx on FreeBSD.
h2. Nginx
h3. Disable nginx server_tokens
* Edit the main nginx config file:
<pre>
vi /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
</pre>
#* And add the following line inside the http block to disable nginx server_tokens:
<pre>
server_tokens off;
</pre>
h3. Configure an X-Frame-Options header
* Edit the main nginx config file:
<pre>
vi /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
</pre>
#* And add the following line inside the http block to configure an X-Frame-Options header:
<pre>
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
</pre>
h3. Redirect to HTTPS
* Edit the nginx server block:
<pre>
vi /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/www.example.com.conf
</pre>
#* And add the following inside the server block to redirect all regular HTTP requests to HTTPS:
<pre>
# Redirect to HTTPS
if ($scheme = http) {
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}
</pre>
h3. Disable unwanted HTTP methods
* Edit the nginx server block:
<pre>
vi /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/www.example.com.conf
</pre>
#* And add the following inside the server block to disable unwanted HTTP methods:
<pre>
# Disable unwanted HTTP methods
if ($request_method !~ ^(GET|HEAD|POST)$ ) {
return 444;
}
</pre>
#* (Optional) For websites that use WebDAV, like owncloud, additional requests methods can be included.:
<pre>
# Disable unwanted HTTP methods
if ($request_method !~ ^(GET|HEAD|POST|PUT|DELETE|REPORT|PROPFIND)$ ) {
return 444;
}
</pre>
h3. Limit the maximum upload file size
* Edit the nginx server block:
<pre>
vi /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/www.example.com.conf
</pre>
#* And add the following inside the server block to limit the maximum upload file size:
<pre>
client_max_body_size 20m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
</pre>
h3. Deny access to hidden files
* Edit the nginx server block:
<pre>
vi /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/www.example.com.conf
</pre>
#* And add the following inside the server block to deny access to hidden files:
<pre>
location ~ /\. {
access_log off;
log_not_found off;
deny all;
}
</pre>
h2. PHP-FPM
* Edit the main php-fpm config file:
<pre>
vi /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf
</pre>
#* And add the following:
<pre>
include=/usr/local/etc/fpm.d/*.conf
</pre>
* Create the php-fpm directory to store each individual site php-fpm configs:
<pre>
mkdir /usr/local/etc/fpm.d
</pre>
h3. Define a pool for www.example.com
* Create the *www.example.com* website user:
<pre>
pw add user -n wwwexamplecom -m -s /usr/sbin/nologin -c "www.example.com"
</pre>
* Define a new pool for *www.example.com*:
<pre>
vi /usr/local/etc/fpm.d/www.example.com.conf
</pre>
#* And add the following
<pre>
[www.example.com]
listen = /var/run/www.example.com-php-fpm.sock
listen.owner = wwwexamplecom
listen.group = www
listen.mode = 0660
user = wwwexamplecom
group = www
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
</pre>
* Edit the server config for *www.example.com*:
<pre>
vi /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/www.example.com.conf
</pre>
#* And modify the PHP location handler:
<pre>
server {
location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri =404;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm/www.example.com-php-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
}
}
</pre>
h3. Define a pool for mail.example.com
* Create the *mail.example.com* website user:
<pre>
pw add user -n mailexamplecom -m -s /usr/sbin/nologin -c "mail.example.com"
</pre>
* Define a new pool for *mail.example.com*:
<pre>
vi /usr/local/etc/fpm.d/mail.example.com.conf
</pre>
#* And add the following
<pre>
[mail.example.com]
listen = /var/run/mail.example.com-php-fpm.sock
listen.owner = mailexamplecom
listen.group = www
listen.mode = 0660
user = mailexamplecom
group = www
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
</pre>
* Edit the server config for *mail.example.com*:
<pre>
vi /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/mail.example.com.conf
</pre>
#* And modify the PHP location handler:
<pre>
server {
location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri =404;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm/mail.example.com-php-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
}
}
</pre>
h2. Resources
* https://www.howtoforge.com/php-fpm-nginx-security-in-shared-hosting-environments-debian-ubuntu
* http://www.if-not-true-then-false.com/2011/nginx-and-php-fpm-configuration-and-optimizing-tips-and-tricks/
* https://www.acunetix.com/blog/articles/nginx-server-security-hardening-configuration-1/
* https://www.acunetix.com/blog/articles/nginx-security-hardening-configuration-2/
* http://sabre.io/dav/building-a-caldav-client/